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针对风力机多部件系统维修困难且较难制定经济合理的维修策略问题,考虑各部件之间存在经济相关性和机会维修,研究多部件系统的动态机会维修策略.将成本效益分析方法融入到多部件预防性维护策略制定中,提出了一种基于成本效益的预防维护模型.采用故障率恢复程度描述不完全维修和更换的维护效果,当部件可靠度达到预防维护或机会维护阈值时,比较基于故障率的成本效益比,选择合理的维护方式.以某风力机的4个部件为研究对象进行案例分析,并与未考虑成本效益的机会维修模型进行比较.结果 表明,总维修成本减少37.36万元,说明基于成本效益的预防性机会维修更具经济性,能为预防性维修计划的制定提供理论依据.“,”With difficulties in maintaining multicomponent systems of wind turbines and formulating economical and reasonable maintenance strategies,a dynamic opportunistic maintenance strategy of multicomponent systems is applied in terms of economic relevance and opportunistic maintenance among various components.A preventive maintenance model based on cost-effectiveness is proposed by incorporating cost-effectiveness analysis into the multicomponent preventive maintenance strategy.The failure rate recovery degree is used to describe the effects of imperfect maintenance and replacement.When the reliability of the component reaches the threshold of preventive or opportunistic maintenance,a reasonable maintenance method is selected on the basis of the cost-effectiveness ratio of the failure rate.A case study is conducted by taking four components of a wind turbine as the research object and comparing them with the opportunistic maintenance model without considering cost-effectiveness.Results show that the total maintenance cost is reduced by 373600 yuan,indicating that the preventive opportunistic maintenance based on cost-effectiveness is more economical and can provide a theoretical basis for formulating a preventive maintenance plan.