美国铁路的运用货车有170万辆,其中大约一半是专用货车。每年新添四轴货车约6万～9万5千辆。货车的构成如下:漏斗棚车占13％,漏斗敞车占21％,敞车占11％,棚车占29％,平车占8％,罐车占10％,保温车占6％。有三分之一的棚车安装有防止货物破损的设备。运用货车的年平均走行里程是4万公里,运输集装箱的平车是9万6千公里,编入直达列车的某些货车可达16～24万公里。货车报废的平均走行里程约为100万公里。大部分货车(约100万辆)安装了滚动轴承,计划全部货车都要 The U.S. railways use 1.7 million trucks, of which about half are for trucks. Each year a new four-axis truck about 60,000 ~ 95,000. The composition of the truck is as follows: funnel box car 13%, funnel gondola 21%, gondola 11%, box car 29%, flat car 8%, tanker 10%, insulation car 6%. One-third of the boxes are equipped with equipment to prevent damage to the goods. The annual average mileage of trucks is 40,000 kilometers, that of flat containers for transporting containers is 96,000 kilometers, and some trucks incorporated into direct trains can reach 160,000 to 240,000 kilometers. Wagon scrapped the average mileage of about 1000000 km. Most of the trucks (about 1 million) have roller bearings installed, and all the trucks are planned