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目的探讨胃肠癌术后患者的健康行为和生活质量现状及两者之间的相关性。方法采用一般资料调查表、健康促进生活方式量表及癌症患者生活质量核心问卷对2013年8月至2016年8月间河北工程大学附属医院手术治疗的胃肠癌患者进行调查,并分析患者健康行为和生活质量的相关性。结果共发放137份调查问卷,回收有效问卷133份(97.1%)。胃肠癌术后患者健康行为总体处于中等水平,其中优秀率6.8%,良好率36.8%,一般率42.9%,差率13.5%,患者健康行为总分(129.56±13.76)分,各维度分数由高到低依次为营养、人际支持、健康责任、自我实现、压力应对及运动。胃肠癌术后患者生活质量的功能领域中,除躯体功能平均分数高于参考值外,角色功能、认知功能、情绪功能及社会功能平均分数均低于参考值。症状领域中,疼痛、疲劳、恶心呕吐、食欲减退、腹泻及经济困难平均分数高于参考值,患者整体生活质量平均分数低于参考值。经Pearson积矩相关分析,健康行为中自我实现、运动、人际支持、压力应对及健康行为总分与功能领域呈正相关关系,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);自我实现、健康责任、营养、压力应对及健康行为总分与症状领域呈负相关关系,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);自我实现、运动、人际支持、压力应对及健康行为总分与整体生活质量呈正相关关系,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胃肠癌术后患者的部分健康行为水平较低,整体生活质量处于中等水平,通过改善患者的健康行为可明显提高其生活质量。
Objective To investigate the status of postoperative health and quality of life of patients with gastrointestinal cancer and the correlation between the two. Methods Gastrointestinal cancer patients who underwent surgery in Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering from August 2013 to August 2016 were surveyed by using the General Data Questionnaire, Health Promotion Lifestyle Scale and Quality of Life Questionnaire for Cancer Patients. The patients’ health Relevance of behavior and quality of life. Results A total of 137 questionnaires were distributed and 133 valid questionnaires (97.1%) were recovered. The postoperative patients with gastrointestinal cancer generally had moderate health behaviors, with excellent rate of 6.8%, good rate of 36.8%, general rate of 42.9%, rate of difference of 13.5% and total score of patients’ health behaviors (129.56 ± 13.76) High to low followed by nutrition, interpersonal support, health responsibility, self-actualization, stress response and exercise. In the field of functional quality of postoperative patients with gastrointestinal cancer, the average scores of role function, cognitive function, emotional function and social function were lower than the reference values except that the mean body function score was higher than the reference value. In the symptom field, the average score of pain, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea and financial difficulties was higher than the reference value, and the average quality of life of the patients was lower than the reference value. According to Pearson’s product-moment correlation analysis, there was a positive correlation between self-actualization, exercise, interpersonal support, stress response and the total scores of healthy behaviors in health behaviors and functional areas, with significant differences (P <0.05); self-actualization, (P <0.05). There was a positive correlation between self-actualization, exercise, interpersonal support, stress coping and total score of health behaviors and overall quality of life. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The postoperative patients with gastrointestinal cancer have lower level of partial healthy behaviors and overall quality of life at a moderate level. Their quality of life can be significantly improved by improving their health behaviors.