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采用光镜和透射电镜方法,研究了不同盐度驯化下施氏鲟幼鱼鳃中泌氯细胞的分布和结构特征。结果显示,在淡水中,施氏鲟幼鱼鳃中的泌氯细胞数量较少,且主要分布在近鳃小片基部,胞体与核均较大而明显,胞内含大量线粒体;泌氯细胞中有网管和囊管,但网管欠发达,囊管分布面积小,细胞表面有顶隐窝。表现为典型的淡水型泌氯细胞(freshwater-type chloride cells)特征。与淡水组相比,盐度10组鳃泌氯细胞的分布和结构变化均不明显,仅数量略有增加,胞体变大。幼鱼在盐度25海水中驯化65d,鳃丝和鳃小片上泌氯细胞数量明显增加,泌氯细胞集中分布在鳃小片基部;超微结构显示,细胞内线粒体数量明显增加,胞质中网管颇为发达,囊管丰富,顶隐窝扩大,表面有微绒毛,表现为α-型(-αsubtype)泌氯细胞特征。泌氯细胞具有分泌体内过多Na+、Cl-以及调节体液渗透平衡的功能,其数量和结构变化与幼鱼所处的高渗环境相适应。
Using light and transmission electron microscopy, we studied the distribution and structural characteristics of the chloride cells in the gill of Acipenser schrenckii under different salinities. The results showed that in freshwater, the number of chlorinated cells in the gill of the juvenile Acipenser schrenckii was less, and mainly distributed in the base of the gills, with large and obvious cell bodies and nuclei, and abundant mitochondria in the cells. There are network management and cyberspace, but undeveloped network management, cystic distribution area is small, the cell surface has a crypt. A typical freshwater-type chloride cells (freshwater-type chloride cells) features. Compared with the freshwater group, the distribution and structure of chloride cells in the gills of 10 salinity groups were not obvious, only a slight increase in the number of cells and larger cell body. The juveniles were acclimated for 65 days in salinity 25 seawater. The number of chlorinated cells in the gill filaments and gills was significantly increased, and the chlorinated cells were concentrated in the base of gills. The ultrastructure showed that the number of mitochondria increased significantly, More developed, rich pouch, the expansion of the top of the recess, the surface of microvilli, showed α-type (-αsubtype) characteristics of chloride cells. Chlorine chloride cells have the function of excreting too much Na +, Cl- and regulating body fluid osmotic balance, and their quantity and structure change are compatible with the hypertonic environment in which juveniles are located.