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1993年《消费者权益保护法》第四十九条规定了惩罚性赔偿,使得近代意义上的惩罚性赔偿制度正式由英美法系法学理论和司法实践引入到了我国法律制度,并为惩罚性赔偿在我国的进一步发展奠定了制度基础。新《消费者权益保护法》第五十五条规定的赔偿额以实际损害为基准进行计算,并确定了最低赔偿额,再一次推动了惩罚性赔偿制度在我国法律制度中的变革,成为了惩罚性赔偿制度发展的又一个里程碑。这无疑为惩罚性赔偿在侵权责任法、食品安全法等相关法律中的改革奠定制度基础。本文认为,我们有必要开阔思路,结合我国的司法实践和特有国情,重新认识惩罚性赔偿制度,进而为惩罚性赔偿在我国法律制度中的完善提供一定的参考。
In 1993, Article 49 of the Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Consumers stipulated punitive damages, so that punitive damages in the modern sense were formally introduced into our legal system by the legal theory and practice of common law jurisprudence in the United States and were punishable in the form of punitive damages The further development in our country has laid the institutional foundation. The compensation amount stipulated in Article 55 of the new “Consumer Protection Law” is calculated on the basis of actual damages and the minimum amount of compensation is determined. Once again, the punitive damages system has been transformed in the legal system of our country and has become Another milestone in the development of the punitive damages system. This undoubtedly lays the institutional foundation for the punitive damages reform in the relevant laws such as Tort Liability Act and Food Safety Law. This paper argues that it is necessary for us to broaden our train of thought, re-understand the system of punitive damages in light of China’s judicial practice and unique national conditions, and then provide some reference for the improvement of punitive damages in our legal system.