至今,为了纠正某些肾动脉和肾的病理情况,本来应该选用手术治疗,但因考虑技术问题而作罢。由于肾移植手术和保存肾脏方面的经验的发展,使许多这样的病理情况,可以通过体外肾脏手术得到解决,可以在手术台上把病变修复和再作肾移植。作者认为体外肾手术的适应征可分为四组,血管病变组、鹿角状结石组、恶性肿瘤组和外伤组。在讨论手术方法时,曾经强调,如果肾动脉的分支重建或施行肾下极切除(包括供血的血管分支),这样,来自肾动脉的输尿管供血就难了,另外输尿管 So far, in order to correct the pathological situation of some renal arteries and kidneys, surgical treatment should have been selected, but given technical problems. Due to the development of kidney transplantation and kidney preservation experience, many of these pathological conditions can be solved by external kidney surgery and the lesions can be repaired and re-implanted on the operating table. The authors believe that the indications of extracorporeal renal surgery can be divided into four groups, vascular lesions, antlers, calcification group, malignant tumor group and trauma group. In discussing surgical procedures, it has been emphasized that ureter from the renal arteries would be difficult to supply if the branches of the renal artery are rebuilt or subjected to subtenon excision (including the blood vessel branches), and ureters