蛋白尿的来源有血浆蛋白及组织蛋白两类,前者包括白蛋白、球蛋白、某些激素、酶和免疫球蛋白、肽类及纤维蛋白降解产物等;后者包括肾小管分泌的Tamm—Horsfall 蛋白(THP),IgA 及组织破坏的肌红蛋白、谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶等。以上两类蛋白主要在肾小球滤过,但THP 及IgA 则由肾小管分泌。正常人在生理状态下,虽可有少量血浆蛋白在肾小球滤过,但由于肾小管上皮细胞刷状缘的再吸收,由肾小管分泌的蛋白其量亦微,因此生理蛋白尿一般24小时在100mg 以下。一旦肾小球或肾小管发生病变即可出现蛋白尿,其发生机理迄今仍不十分清楚,归 The sources of proteinuria are plasma protein and tissue protein, the former includes albumin, globulin, some hormones, enzymes and immunoglobulins, peptides and fibrin degradation products; the latter includes tubule secretion of Tamm-Horsfall Protein (THP), IgA and tissue destruction of myoglobin, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase. The above two types of proteins are mainly in glomerular filtration, but THP and IgA are secreted by the tubules. Normal physiological state, although there may be a small amount of plasma protein in the glomerular filtration, but due to reabsorption of renal tubular epithelial cells brush border, the amount of protein secreted by the tubules is also micro, so the proteinuria generally 24 The hour is under 100mg. Once the glomerular or tubular lesions occur proteinuria, its mechanism has so far still not very clear, go