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目的探讨强化肠内外营养对极低出生体重儿宫外生长发育迟缓(EUGR)发生率、各临床生长指标的影响。方法采用回顾性研究方法,将本院早期足量营养支持开展前(2005年1月至2008年12月)与开展后(2010年1月至2011年12月)符合入选条件的极低出生体重儿分为对照组和研究组,比较两组患儿宫外生长发育迟缓的发生率和临床观察指标。结果早产儿恢复出生体重时间对照组为(10.26±1.6)d,研究组为(8.19±1.0)d;生理性体重下降最大幅度对照组为(9.8±2.1)%,研究组为(7.0±1.2)%;EUGR发生率(以出院体重评价)对照组为85.7%,研究组为64.3%;以上3个指标两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);以头围评价对照组为54.3%,研究组为40.5%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论早期足量营养支持能被极低出生体重儿接受,可缩短生理性体重下降时间及减小生理性体重下降幅度,降低宫外生长发育迟缓的发生率。
Objective To investigate the effect of enteral and parenteral nutrition on the incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) and the clinical growth parameters of very low birth weight. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to compare the effect of early full nutrition support in our hospital from January 2005 to December 2008 on the one hand, and low birth weight on the other (January 2010 to December 2011) Children were divided into control group and study group, the incidence of ectopic growth retardation and clinical observation of two groups were compared. Results The rate of birth weight recovery in preterm infants was (10.26 ± 1.6) d in the control group and (8.19 ± 1.0) days in the preterm infants, and (9.8 ± 2.1)% in the control group and 7.0 ± 1.2 in the study group ); The incidence of EUGR (weight of discharged on discharge) was 85.7% in the control group and 64.3% in the study group. There was significant difference between the above three indexes in both groups (P <0.05) 54.3% in the study group and 40.5% in the study group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion Early adequate nutrition support can be accepted by very low birth weight children, which can shorten the time of physiological weight loss and reduce the rate of physiological weight loss, and reduce the incidence of ectopic growth retardation.