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2013年9月11日,國務院總理李克強在回答世界經濟論壇主席施瓦布關於中國金融體制改革的問題時表示,中國將完善金融監管體系,增強金融監管機構的協調性,並且擇機推出存款保險制度。存款保險制度能夠強化對商業銀行的風險約束機制,從而有效地保護存款人利益,穩定金融秩序,因而很早就受到重視。早在1993年,我國已在《國務院關於金融體制改革的決定》中提出,要建立存款保險基金。此後,我國的立法者和專家學者都對此進行了大量研究。截至2013年6月底,我國人民幣存款餘額已逾百萬億。隨著存款的不斷增長,建設顯性的存款保險機制以防範銀行金融風險顯得尤為重要和迫切,醞釀已久的建立存款保險制度一事再度被提上日程。今年6、7月間,中國人民銀行接連表示,將積極研究制定《存款保險條例》,推進存款保險制度建設。本期特選取朱大旗教授、李慈強博士有關存款保險立法的文章,借鑒國外的成熟經驗,結合我國的具體實踐,探討中國國情下存款保險制度設計的路徑。
On September 11, 2013, Premier Li Keqiang replied to Schwab, chairman of the World Economic Forum, on the issue of China’s financial system reform. He said that China will improve the financial regulatory system, enhance the coordination of financial regulators, and launch an alternative deposit insurance system . The deposit insurance system has long been given the priority because it can strengthen the risk control mechanism of commercial banks so as to effectively protect the interests of depositors and stabilize the financial order. As early as 1993, China proposed in the “Decision of the State Council on the Reform of the Financial System” that a deposit insurance fund should be established. Since then, a great deal of research has been conducted by our legislators and experts and scholars. As of the end of June 2013, the balance of RMB deposits in China has exceeded one trillion yuan. With the continuous growth of deposits, it is particularly important and urgent to build a dominant deposit insurance mechanism to guard against bank financial risks. The long-awaited establishment of a deposit insurance system is once again put on the agenda. In June and July this year, the People’s Bank of China said in succession that it will actively study the formulation of the “Deposit Insurance Regulations” and promote the construction of a deposit insurance system. In this issue, we choose Professor Zhu Daqi and Dr. Li Ciqiang’s article on legislation of deposit insurance, draw lessons from the mature experience of foreign countries and combine with our country’s concrete practice to explore the path of deposit insurance system design in China.