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采用设施内盆栽试验,探索蚓粪对番茄连作土壤真菌群落结构的调节效果。试验设计4个处理:蚓粪+化肥(EM)、鸡粪+化肥(CM)、化肥(CF)、不施肥(CK)。结果表明:(1)施加有机肥可显著升高连作土壤p H值,CM处理和EM处理分别升高至6.80和6.84,比CK升高了0.34和0.38,比CF降低了0.37和0.41;与其他3个处理相比,EM处理显著增加了土壤有机质、全碳和全氮,有机质比CM、CF和CK分别提高了2.41%、7.86%、9.60%,全碳分别提高了5.09%、7.67%、7.13%,全氮分别提高了7.14%、21.43%、18.57%。(2)施入蚯蚓粪后显著降低了真菌门级优势菌相对丰度,如担子菌门(Basidiomycota)比对照降低约18%,比化肥处理降低约14%,比鸡粪处理略有降低。(3)冗余分析结果表明,p H值对不同处理真菌群落结构影响最大,其次是全氮、有机质、碳氮比、碱解氮、速效钾、全碳和电导率,而含水量与速效磷对真菌群落结构无显著影响。因此,通过蚓粪处理番茄连作土壤可提高养分含量,显著降低优势真菌相对丰度,从而缓解了番茄连作障碍。
The indoor pot experiment was conducted to explore the regulation effect of vermicompost on the fungal community structure of continuous cropping tomato. The experiment designed four treatments: vermicompost + chemical fertilizer (EM), chicken manure + chemical fertilizer (CM), chemical fertilizer (CF) and no fertilization (CK). The results showed that: (1) The application of organic manure significantly increased the p H value of continuous cropping soil. CM treatment and EM treatment increased to 6.80 and 6.84, 0.34 and 0.38 higher than CK and 0.37 and 0.41 lower than CF. Compared with the other three treatment treatments, the soil organic matter, total carbon and total nitrogen increased significantly by EM treatment, and the organic matter increased by 2.41%, 7.86% and 9.60%, and the total carbon increased by 5.09% and 7.67% , 7.13% and total nitrogen increased by 7.14%, 21.43% and 18.57% respectively. (2) The application of vermicompost significantly reduced the relative abundance of dominant fungi, such as Basidiomycota, about 18% lower than that of the control, about 14% lower than the chemical fertilizer, and slightly lower than the chicken manure. (3) The results of redundancy analysis showed that the value of p H had the greatest effect on the fungal community structure, followed by total nitrogen, organic matter, C / N ratio, available nitrogen, available potassium, total carbon and conductivity, Phosphorus had no significant effect on the community structure of fungi. Therefore, the treatment of tomato continuous soil with vermicompost can increase the nutrient content, significantly reduce the relative abundance of dominant fungi, thus alleviating the continuous cropping obstacles.