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建国初期到中共十一届三中全会以前,中国的宏观经济从总的时间序列上看,可划分为第一个五年计划时期、第二个五年计划时期、调整时期和“文化大革命”时期四个阶段,每个阶段都有其各自的特点。这个历史时期的经济发展战略是以优先发展重工业为主导,强调发展速度;战略推行的结果虽然成功地建立了一个比较完整的国民经济体系,但在产业结构、积累和消费的关系、增长方式、增长的波动性方面存在不少问题。与此相适应建立起来的集中计划经济体制对于集中力量搞建设是起了作用的,但从效率上讲是失败的。十一届三中全会以来中国的经济体制和经济发展模式发生了深刻的变化,但传统计划经济体制的影响依然对今后的改革与发展构成一定的障碍。
Before the founding of the People’s Republic until the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, China’s macroeconomy can be divided into the first five-year plan period, the second five-year plan period, the adjustment period and the “Cultural Revolution” from the general time series point of view. Period of four stages, each stage has its own characteristics. The strategy of economic development in this historical period was to give priority to the development of heavy industry and emphasize the pace of development. Although the result of the strategy implementation successfully established a relatively complete system of national economy, the relationship between industrial structure, accumulation and consumption, the mode of growth, There are many problems with the volatility of growth. The centrally planned economy that has been established in response to this has played a role in concentrating efforts on construction but has failed in efficiency. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, profound changes have taken place in China’s economic structure and economic development mode, but the impact of the traditional planned economic system still poses obstacles to future reforms and development.