現代工業的特点之一就是出產大量同一类型的產品,在許多企業里,这种產量的件数是以万計、十万計、甚至百万計的(例如,軸承上的滾珠,針織工業上所用的針等等)。在这样規模的生產事業里,实行产品的品質檢查是一件非常重要的事,这种檢查的旧办法是对全部产品進行全面的檢查,因此需要大量的檢驗員,在多数情况下是很不經济的。例如,有些生產效率很高的自动化机床,一个工人可以同时管理好几部,但是对於一部这种机器所生产的零件進行全面的檢查,反倒需要好几个檢驗員,所以大量生產的檢查要向着兩个方向發展:一个方向是自动机械化;另一个方向是以抽样检查 One of the characteristics of modern industry is the production of a large number of products of the same type. In many enterprises, the number of such outputs is tens, thousands, or even millions (for example, balls on bearings, used in the knitting industry. Needles, etc.). In this scale of production, it is very important to carry out product quality inspection. The old method of inspection is to conduct a comprehensive inspection of all products, so it requires a large number of inspectors, and in most cases it is very Economy. For example, some automated machine tools with high productivity can manage several parts at the same time. However, for a comprehensive inspection of a part produced by such a machine, several inspectors are needed, so mass production inspections are Two directions: one direction is automatic mechanization; the other direction is sampling inspection