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目的分析运动鞋制造行业存在的噪声危害现状,探讨其预防与控制对策。方法按国家噪声测量规范与标准,从鞋底、鞋面、底面贴合成型及其它生产工艺等4个方面进行调查分析。结果运动鞋制造行业许多生产工序噪声强度超过国家职业限值,鞋底、鞋面、底面贴合成型及其它辅助生产工艺中噪声超标的生产工序数分别为28、6、3、3个,超标率分别为69.9%、28.0%、40.6%和66.7%,超标率90.0%以上的有12个工序,以鞋底生产过程中的强度(LEX,8h)最大,最高测定值达99dB(A)。生产性噪声来源以机械性噪声为主,流体动力性噪声为次,电磁性噪声较少见。按生产性噪声随时间分布情况,又以非稳态噪声为主。结论运动鞋制造行业存在噪声的工序多、危害大,应采取综合防治措施。
Objective To analyze the current situation of noise hazards in sports shoes manufacturing industry and to discuss its prevention and control measures. Methods According to the national norms and standards of noise measurement, the investigation and analysis were carried out from 4 aspects: sole, upper, bottom molding and other production processes. Results The noise intensity of many production processes in the sports shoes manufacturing industry exceeded the national occupational limits. The number of production processes with excessive noise in the soles, upper, bottom molding and other auxiliary production processes were 28, 6, 3 and 3, respectively, exceeding the standard Respectively, with 69.9%, 28.0%, 40.6% and 66.7% respectively. The over-standard rate is more than 90.0%. There are 12 processes in which the strength of shoe soles (LEX, 8h) is the highest and the highest measured value is 99dB (A). The sources of production noise are mechanical noise, hydrodynamic noise is secondary and electromagnetic noise is less common. According to the distribution of production noise over time, but also non-steady-state noise. Conclusion There are many noise-producing steps in sports shoes manufacturing industry, which are harmful and should be taken comprehensive prevention and control measures.