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钻孔灌注桩是闸底、桥梁、渡槽和电塔等很广泛使用的桩基。在岩层较浅时靠桩尖反力支承,属支承桩。但深层软土地基时,多采用摩擦桩,即靠桩壁与土层间的摩擦力和桩尖支承反力共同承受轴向荷载。桩身的摩擦力取决于桩周围土壤的极限摩阻力,与桩长、桩周大小有关,而桩尖的支承力与桩入土深度、桩径、桩尖许可承载力等因素有关,且受施工条件影响较大。孔径太大使土壁变形压力增大,桩长加大虽能减小沉陷,但
Bored piles are widely used pile foundations such as gate bottoms, bridges, aqueducts, and electrical towers. When the rock formation is shallow, it is supported by the pile tip reaction force and belongs to the supporting pile. However, in the case of deep soft soils, friction piles are mostly used, that is, the frictional force between the pile wall and the soil layer and the pile tip support reaction force jointly bear the axial load. The friction force of the pile depends on the ultimate frictional resistance of the soil around the pile, which is related to the length of the pile and the circumference of the pile. The supporting force of the pile tip is related to the depth of the pile, the diameter of the pile, the allowable bearing capacity of the pile tip and other factors, and is affected by the construction. The conditions have a greater impact. The hole diameter is too large to increase the deformation pressure of the soil wall. Although the pile length can be increased, it can reduce the subsidence.