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30多年来,国际上的道路设计原理及方法逐渐从传统经验法向运用理论框架方面转变。但这些理论框架主要基于土和粒状材料的弹性假设,从而限制了材料塑性性能的发挥。安定分析基于弹塑性理论,可以确定结构在循环或变值荷载作用下的最大承载力,因此,能够被运用于道路承受交通荷载的问题。阐述了安定理论的概念以及两种经典安定定理,回顾了道路安定分析方法的创始及发展过程,包括与试验结果的比较,讨论了残余应力在道路中的分布、两种求解道路安定荷载极限的方法,以及与塑性极限分析的比较,并把一种下限安定分析方法应用于多层柔性路面的设计,最后展望了道路安定理论未来的发展方向。
For more than 30 years, the international road design principles and methods have been gradually transformed from the traditional experience and application of theoretical frameworks. However, these theoretical frameworks are mainly based on the elastic assumptions of soil and granular materials, thus limiting the plastic properties of materials. The stability analysis based on the elasto-plastic theory can determine the maximum capacity of a structure under cyclic or variable load. Therefore, it can be applied to the road to bear the traffic load. The concept of stability theory and two classical stability theorems are expounded. The founding and development process of the road stability analysis method is reviewed, including the comparison with the test results, the distribution of residual stress in the road, two solutions to the load stability of the road Method and compared with the plastic limit analysis, and apply a lower bound stability analysis method to the design of multi-layer flexible pavement. Finally, the future development direction of the road stability theory is prospected.