成年呼吸窘迫综合征(Adult respiratory distress syndrome,以下简称窘迫征),是一类呼吸衰竭,其基础疾病可有多种,但都引起共同的特征:极度呼吸迫促、低氧血症和肺应变性减低;用一般氧疗难以纠正。过去窘迫征的死亡率很高,近年来应用呼气末正压呼吸治疗,收到一定的效果。本文扼要论述窘迫征,着重阐明呼气末正压呼吸的生理作用及其临床应用。病因和病理变化窘迫征的发病机制尚未明瞭。其基础疾病有外伤、休克、脓毒症、血管内弥漫性凝血、 Adult respiratory distress syndrome, a type of respiratory failure, can have a variety of underlying conditions that all contribute to common features: extreme respiratory urgency, hypoxemia, and lung strain Sex reduction; with general oxygen therapy is difficult to correct. In the past, the mortality rate of embolism was very high. In recent years, the application of positive end-expiratory pressure breathing therapy has received some results. This article briefly discusses the embarrassment sign, focusing on elucidating the physiological role of end-expiratory pressure breathing and its clinical application. Etiology and pathological changes embarrassing signs of pathogenesis is not yet clear. The underlying diseases are trauma, shock, sepsis, intravascular diffuse coagulation,