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为研究软弱围岩(Ⅳ、Ⅴ级)条件下桥、隧相连段在后期运营中车辆荷载及其冲击作用下的力学行为、作用效应等,依托相关工程实例开展了系统的室内模型试验研究。结合桥、隧相连工程的实际特点,依据相似理论,给出了模型试验中桥、隧结构及洞周岩土体各物理量间的相似关系,对模型试验方法进行了系统的分析和阐述。通过模型试验研究表明,Ⅳ、Ⅴ级围岩条件下的桥、隧相连段中,运营中的汽车荷载及其冲击作用,易使桥梁、隧道衬砌关键部位产生不利力学效应或结构损伤,使桥梁跨中、搭接端及洞底产生过大位移或沉降,并易使隧道洞口围岩稳定性降低等。因此,对桥隧相连段的桥、隧及洞口围岩各关键部位宜采取局部加强措施,以避免各种损伤或病害的发生。
In order to study the mechanical behavior and effect of the bridge and tunnel connected segment under the vehicle load and its impact under the condition of the weak surrounding rocks (Ⅳ and Ⅴ), the indoor model test of the system was carried out based on the relevant engineering examples. According to the actual characteristics of bridges and tunnels, the similarity between bridge and tunnel structures and the physical quantities of the soil around the tunnel is given based on the similarity theory. The model test method is systematically analyzed and explained. The results of model tests show that under the conditions of Ⅳ and Ⅴ surrounding rock, the car load and its impact in the operation of the bridge and tunnel are liable to cause adverse mechanical effects or structural damage to the key parts of the bridge and tunnel lining, so that the bridge Crossing, lap ends and the end of the cave have been too large displacement or settlement, and easy to make the tunnel around the lower stability of rock. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt local strengthening measures for the key parts of the surrounding rock of bridges, tunnels and tunnel openings in the connecting sections of the bridge and tunnel in order to avoid the occurrence of various damages or diseases.