法国1791年宪法是欧美资本主义国家明文规定公民获得选举权条件的第一个宪法文件,它将法国公民划分为积极公民和消极公民两类,只有积极公民享有选举权,这对以后欧美各国的政治生活产生了重大影响。然而,从50年代至今,我国还没有专门探讨这一划分的论文。本文试图从积极公民的划分条件着手,分析积极公民与选举权的关系,以期对这一划分的目的、作用和实质作出解释,并求教于史学界师长同仁。 The 1791 Constitution of France is the first constitutional document expressly stipulating that citizens in the European and American capitalist countries have the right to vote. It divides French citizens into two types: active citizens and passive citizens. Only active citizens have the right to vote. Have a significant impact. However, from the 1950s till now, there is no essay on this division in our country. This article tries to analyze the relationship between active citizens and the right to vote from the conditions of the division of active citizens in order to explain the purpose, role and essence of this division and to seek advice from teachers and colleagues in history.