发作性冷性血红蛋白尿为一罕见之病症。1794年Stewart氏首先描述。1880年Rosenbach氏将患者之足置冰水中,然后使之温暖,即可产生血红蛋白尿。1886年由Pavy氏把本病与疟疾引起之血红蛋白尿加以鑑别,同年Gull氏发现受寒与本病发作之关系。1904年Donath及Landsteiner两氏作了血清学上的研究,证明病者血液中有一种冷溶血素,同时也提到此病的原因可能为梅毒。1911年Moss氏在报告三个病例时曾提到病者血浆中的冷溶血素可溶化任何人的红血球。国内报告本症到目前为 Episodic cold hemoglobinuria is a rare condition. 1794 Stewart’s first description. In 1880 Rosenbach’s patient’s feet in ice water, and then make it warm, can produce hemoglobinuria. In 1886, the disease was distinguished from the hemoglobinuria caused by malaria by Pavy’s. In the same year, Gull’s discovery of the relationship between the cold and the onset of the disease. In 1904 Donath and Landsteiner two serological studies to prove that the patient’s blood has a cold hemolysin, but also mentioned the disease may be due to syphilis. In 1911, Moss reported in his report of three cases that cold hemolysin in the plasma of a patient dissolved any human red blood cells. The domestic report of this disease is currently