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经济市场化带来了效率和繁荣,国民经济正以超常的速度向前发展,连一些“老外”亦发出了中国究竟是“第三世界”还是“世界第三”之喟叹。 不过,效率优先也带来了贫富悬殊问题,尤其是在城市,贫困人口正以前所未有的态势迅猛增升,渐渐形成一个城市贫困阶层。 城市贫困人口,指生活得不到保证、面临“温饱”威胁的市民。目前,全国城镇生活困难的居民究竟有多少? 据吉林、河南、山东、江西、广西、山西和海南等省区总工会的保守估计,目前尚处于生活困难状态的职工至少在700万以上;另据国家统计局调查资料,我国1994年人均生活费低于150元以下的城市居民有近2000万人,生计维艰。
The marketization of economy has brought about efficiency and prosperity. The national economy is now moving at an extraordinary rate. Even some “foreigners” have sent out sighs about whether China is “the third world” or “the third in the world.” However, priority of efficiency has also brought about the disparity between the rich and the poor. In particular, in the cities, the poor are rapidly rising in an unprecedented trend and gradually form an urban poor. Urban poor people refer to people who can not be guaranteed their livelihood and who are facing the threat of “adequate food and clothing.” At present, the number of residents living in urban areas in the country is quite large? According to the conservative estimates of the Jilin Province, Henan Province, Shandong Province, Jiangxi Province, Guangxi Province, Shanxi Province and Hainan Province, at least 7 million workers are still living in difficult living conditions. According to the survey data from the National Bureau of Statistics, nearly 20 million urban residents living below RMB 150 in 1994 in our country live in hardships.