用酶免疫法和套式多聚酶链反应技术检测血清抗 HCV 和 HCV RNA,对147例婴儿(肝炎80例,非肝炎67例)进行母婴配对研究。发现本组婴儿 HCV 感染率为8.84%。肝炎组为13.9%,显著高于非肝炎组(2.99%)。7例母亲 HCV 标志阳性,其子女5例 HCV RNA 阳性,母婴传播率为71.4%。13例曾输注血制品的肝炎患婴 HCV 感染率高达53.8%,极显著高于无输血史的肝炎患婴(5.97%)和非肝炎婴儿(2.99%)。提示母婴传播和血源传播是婴儿 HCV 感染的主要途径。 Serum anti-HCV and HCV RNA were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and nested polymerase chain reaction, and maternal paired studies were performed on 147 infants (80 hepatitis and 67 non-hepatitis). Found that the group of infants HCV infection rate was 8.84%. The hepatitis group was 13.9%, significantly higher than the non-hepatitis group (2.99%). Seven of the mothers were positive for HCV, and five of their children were positive for HCV RNA with a mother-to-child transmission of 71.4%. The infection rate of HCV in infants who had been infused with blood products was as high as 53.8%, significantly higher than that of infants without hepatitis B (5.97%) and non-hepatitis infants (2.99%). Suggesting that mother-to-child transmission and blood transmission are the main routes of HCV infection in infants.