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本文研究了中国情境下的民营企业规模和年龄对“企业-政府”关系即商政关系的影响。先前的研究认为,小型和年轻的企业更依赖于商政关系,但本研究揭示了民营企业规模和年龄与商政关系之间的倒U型曲线关系。也就是说,中型和中年民营企业在商政关系方面更为积极。这一发现揭示了中等规模和年龄民营企业所面临的不利情境,本文称其为“中型/年企业的弱势”。中型/年民营企业的弱势源于并反映了中国转型期间制度环境的“亚努斯”两面性:政府官员既有发展导向,又有寻租动机。规模和年龄与企业的市场位置、发展雄心、脆弱性和组织资源冗余紧密相联,因而影响企业参与商政关系活动的必要性和可行性。
This paper studies the influence of the scale and age of private-owned enterprises in China on the relationship between business and government, that is, the relationship between business and government. Previous research suggests that small and young enterprises are more dependent on business-to-business relations, but this study reveals the inverted U-shaped relationship between the size and age of private-owned enterprises and the business-government relations. In other words, medium-sized and middle-aged private-owned enterprises are more active in business relations. This discovery reveals the unfavorable situation facing middle-sized and aged private-owned businesses, which we call “the weakness of middle-sized / year-end companies.” The weakness of medium-sized / private-owned enterprises stems from and reflects the “Yanus” duality of institutional environment during the transition of China: government officials have both development orientation and rent-seeking motivation. The scale and age are closely linked with the enterprise’s market position, development ambition, vulnerability and redundant organizational resources, thus affecting the necessity and feasibility of enterprises to participate in the business-government relations.