本文主要探讨2013年新民诉法明确规定的公益诉讼制度。从诉讼范围和诉讼主体两个角度,分析论证了我国民事公益诉讼制度存在的问题。在分析中,笔者主要结合各级法院已生效的案例,并穿插对今年4月发生的兰州立威雅水污染事件的分析。最后得出结论,认为完善我国民事公益诉讼制度,应切合我国具体国情,采取适合我国情况的措施。 This article mainly discusses the system of public interest litigation clearly defined in the 2013 Civil Procedure Law. From the perspective of the scope of litigation and the litigation main body, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the civil commonweal litigation system in our country. In the analysis, the author mainly combined with the cases that the courts at all levels have taken effect, and interspersed with the analysis of water pollution incidents in Weihai, Lanzhou, which occurred in April this year. At last, it concludes that the improvement of China’s civil public interest litigation system should be in line with China’s specific national conditions and adopt measures appropriate to our situation.