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针对洪水灾害下化工装置的脆弱性评估,提出了综合考虑洪水类型、装置结构特征和危险物质泄漏模式的脆弱性定量评估方法。该方法在厘定化工装置结构破坏模式、破坏等级和物质泄漏风险等级的前提下,构建洪水作用下装置的结构极限状态方程,获得结构极限状态曲线和结构失效控制参数阈值,进而得到结构破坏概率和危险物质泄漏频率,并将这两个参数作为洪水灾害脆弱性快速评估指标。以常压立式储罐为分析对象,对上述方法进行详细阐述,并结合实例验证了方法的适用性。结果表明,结构极限状态曲线可以用于快速区分结构安全状态和失效状态,临界装量系数是决定储罐洪水脆弱性的关键工艺参数,随罐壁高度和储液密度增加,洪水灾害脆弱性逐渐降低。
Aiming at the vulnerability assessment of chemical plant under flood disaster, a quantitative vulnerability assessment method based on flood type, device structure characteristics and hazardous material leakage mode is proposed. Under the premise of determining the failure mode, damage grade and material leakage risk level of chemical plant, the limit state equation of the device under flood action is established, and the thresholds of structural ultimate state and structural failure control parameters are obtained. Then the probability of structural failure and The frequency of hazardous material leakage and the use of these two parameters as indicators of rapid assessment of flood vulnerability. Taking the vertical pressure storage tank as an analysis object, the above method is described in detail, and the applicability of the method is verified with an example. The results show that the structure limit state curve can be used to quickly distinguish the structural safety state from the failure state. The critical load coefficient is the key process parameter to determine the flood vulnerability of tank. With the increase of tank wall height and liquid density, the vulnerability of flood disaster gradually reduce.