分析了中国、美国和巴西1997-2014年的玉米生产成本，研究表明①中国玉米生产成本明显高于美国和巴西；②人工成本和土地成本上涨是中国玉米生产成本高涨的主要原因；③中国农业机械化水平逐步提高，与美国和巴西的差距正在缩小；④不同于美国和巴西，中国目前属于“高投入低产出”的农业生产模式。根据研究结果，笔者提出了相应的降低玉米生产成本的政策建议。“,”This paper analyzes the corn production cost in China, the U.S. and Brazil from 1997 to 2014. According to the results, (1) corn production cost in Chi-na is the highest among these three countries; (2) the rapid growth of labor cost and land cost is the major factor that promotes the increase of total corn production cost in China; (3) the level of agricultural mechanization in China has been gradual-ly improving, and the gap between agricultural mechanization levels in China and other two countries is constantly narrowing; (4) differing from the U.S. and Brazil, China exhibits a “high input, low output” agricultural production mode. Based on the above analyses, corresponding suggestions have been presented to reduce corn production cost in China.