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目的通过了解北京市西城区水痘的流行特征,为有效控制水痘提供科学依据。方法采用流行病学方法对2008—2012年西城区水痘发病情况进行分析。结果 2008—2012年西城区累计报告水痘病例2 661例,年平均发病率为59.78/10万。男女性别比为1.151∶1;水痘全年均有发病,以4—6月和10—12月为多;5~9岁组为发病高峰,占25.59%;≥20岁组发病较多,占33.52%,发病年龄后移。职业分布以学生为主,占46.56%。结论加强水痘病例监测,及时处理水痘疫情,做好水痘疫苗接种,开展卫生宣传和健康教育,是控制水痘流行的有效措施。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of chickenpox in Xicheng District of Beijing and provide a scientific basis for the effective control of chickenpox. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of chickenpox in Xicheng District from 2008 to 2012. Results A total of 2 661 chickenpox cases were reported in Xicheng District from 2008 to 2012, with an average annual incidence rate of 59.78 / 100 000. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.151:1. The incidence of chickenpox was high throughout the year, mostly in April-June and October-December. The incidence of chickenpox was 25.59% in the age group of 5 to 9 years old, and the incidence of chickenpox was more 33.52%, the age of onset after the shift. Occupation distribution mainly students, accounting for 46.56%. Conclusion It is an effective measure to control the prevalence of chickenpox by strengthening the surveillance of chickenpox, handling the epidemic of chickenpox promptly, doing a good job of vaccination against varicella, and carrying out health promotion and health education.