文章以文献综述、对比分析作为主要方法。通过对比得出,数据计量一方面需要根据自身特点发展特有的计量方式,另一方面要从其他计量学当中吸取经验;数据计量和文献计量既有区别又有联系,不应对立看待,结合两种计量方式面向科研全过程的计量是未来计量学发展的一种趋势;数据计量是大科学时代的产物,从科学文献到科研数据,科学焦点的变迁反映的是人类科学意识和科学素养的提高。 The article takes literature review and comparative analysis as main methods. By contrast, data measurement on the one hand need to develop unique measurement methods according to its own characteristics, on the other hand to learn from other metrology; data measurement and literature measurement of both the existing and the difference between the two should not be confrontational treatment, combined with two Metrological methods for the whole process of scientific research measurement is a trend of the future development of metrology; data measurement is a product of the era of science, from scientific literature to scientific research data, changes in the focus of science reflects the improvement of human scientific awareness and scientific literacy .