本文于公主岭以大豆吉林3号品种为材料对大豆鼓粒及其与农业气象条件的关系进行了研究。 大豆鼓粒有三个明显时期:鼓粒初期,籽粒形成时期;鼓粒中期,籽粒主要增长时期;鼓粒后期,籽粒脱水成熟时期。从开始鼓粒日期迄止于最高干物重出现之间的日数为大豆鼓粒期长度。 大豆鼓粒时期籽粒鲜重、个重、含水量与体积均有一定的变化规律。干物重的变化与时间呈直线关系;鲜重和含水量的变化均与时间呈抛物线趋势。 气温、降水量、20cm土壤相对湿度等农业气象条件对大豆鼓粒都有直接影响。大豆鼓粒期间旬平均气温低于19.0℃,降水量少于30mm,20cm土壤相对湿度低于20.0％,会妨碍大豆正常鼓粒,大豆鼓粒中期最忌低温和干旱。8月下旬是吉林省中部地区大豆鼓粒的气候生态关键期。在大豆鼓粒中期少雨的年份要及时进行灌溉,才能保证大豆高产稳产。 This paper studied the relationship between soybean drum grain and agro-meteorological conditions in Gongzhuling with the soybean variety “Jilin No.3”. Soybean drum grain has three distinct periods: the initial stage of drumming, the stage of grain formation; the middle stage of drum grain, the main growth stage of grain; the late drum stage and the dehydration stage of grain. The number of days between the start of the drum date and the appearance of the highest dry weight is the soybean drum grain length. Soybean drum grain fresh weight, weight, water content and volume have certain changes. The change of dry weight showed a linear relationship with time. The changes of fresh weight and water content showed a parabola trend with time. The meteorological conditions such as temperature, precipitation, relative humidity of 20cm soil have a direct impact on soybean drum grain. Soybean drumming period average temperature less than 19.0 ℃, less than 30mm precipitation, 20cm soil relative humidity of less than 20.0%, will hinder the normal soybean bulging, soybean midgut most avoid low temperature and drought. Late August is the key period for the climate and ecology of soybean grains in central Jilin Province. Soybean drum in the mid-dry years to timely irrigation, in order to ensure high and stable soybean yield.