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目的:通过分析深圳市盐田区妇女孕前保健检查资料,了解该群体健康状况,为今后的保健工作提供科学依据。方法:选择480例在盐田区妇幼保健院进行孕前检查的育龄期妇女为研究对象,按照孕前保健服务流程询问病史、体检及化验,对资料进行整理与统计分析。结果:调查对象年龄范围为23～38岁,检出疾病12种,排列前3位的依次为宫颈炎(29.58%)、阴道炎(26.67%)、支原体感染(8.75%),患病率为79.58%(191/240)。5种微量元素中钙缺乏为首位(95.21%),铁、铜、锌缺乏分别为(29.79%)、(60.00%)、(19.79%),镁未查到缺乏。调查对象中,孕前开始服用叶酸的女性仅31.00%,服用依从性与受调查者文化程度和职业有关。结论:孕前健康检查可以为准备怀孕的夫妇提供健康状况评估、健康指导,从而有效降低出生缺陷的发生,应加强孕前检查宣传力度和范围。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the health status of women in Yantian District, Shenzhen, and to provide a scientific basis for future health care work. Methods: A total of 480 women of childbearing age who underwent preconception examination in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Yantian District were selected as study subjects. Medical history, physical examination and laboratory tests were conducted in accordance with pre-pregnancy health care service procedures. Data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The age range of the subjects was 23-38 years. Twelve kinds of diseases were detected. The top three were cervicitis (29.58%), vaginitis (26.67%) and mycoplasma infection (8.75%), the prevalence was 79.58% (191/240). Among the five trace elements, calcium deficiency was the highest (95.21%), while the deficiencies of iron, copper and zinc were (29.79%), (60.00%) and (19.79%), respectively. Among the surveyed subjects, only 31.00% of women started taking folic acid before pregnancy, and taking compliance was related to the level of education and occupation of the respondents. Conclusion: Pre-pregnancy health checkup can provide health assessment and health guidance for couples preparing for pregnancy so as to effectively reduce the incidence of birth defects. The intensity and range of pre-pregnancy check-ups should be strengthened.