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当前研究表明机体衰老与线粒体功能下降关系密切。其中线粒体ＤＮＡ突变可能是线粒体功能下降与活性氧产生增多的关键因素之一。本研究检测到２２月龄大鼠肝脏线粒体ＤＮＡ出现４８３４ｂｐ缺失，３个月的游泳训练明显降低同龄大鼠线粒体ＤＮＡ４８３４ｂｐ缺失发生率。研究同时发现老年大鼠肝脏线粒体复合体Ｉ和ＩＶ活性明显低于年轻大鼠，而有氧运动可显著升高老年运动大鼠线粒体酶活性。结果表明有氧运动能够减少线粒体ＤＮＡ突变发生，进而改善线粒体功能，这可能是有氧运动提高线粒体功能，延缓衰老的重要机制。
The current research shows that body aging is closely related to the decline of mitochondrial function. One of the mitochondrial DNA mutations may be decreased mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species increased one of the key factors. In this study, a 4834bp deletion of mitochondrial DNA was found in the liver of 22-month-old rats. Three-month swimming training significantly reduced the 4848 bp deletion of mitochondrial DNA in the same-age rats. The study also found that the activities of hepatic mitochondrial complexes I and IV in aged rats were significantly lower than those in young rats, while aerobic exercise significantly increased mitochondrial enzyme activity in the aged rats. The results showed that aerobic exercise can reduce the occurrence of mitochondrial DNA mutations, thereby improving mitochondrial function, which may be aerobic exercise improve mitochondrial function, an important mechanism of anti-aging.