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电机保护器是抽油机井用油井控制箱的主要核心器件。目前在用的各种电机保护器中主要存在以下几个问题:一是检测电流误差大,不能及时保护电机,有时甚至出现误动作;二是部分元器件质量较差,使用寿命短,故障频繁;三是部分油井能耗浪费严重,缺乏必要的节能降耗技术措施;四是分散油井不能做到集中监控,电机因发生故障而保护后不能做到及时处理;五是当电机因皮带脱落或断裂发生空载运行时,未能做到及时报警,特别在夜间造成电机长时间空载运行,既影响了原油产量,又浪费了电能,且增加了电机的自身耗损。针对上述存在的各种问题,本文提出了利用两相大穿芯孔径方式,采用电流矢量和为0的方法判断第三相电流值的电流检测方法,克服了普通保护器因电流检测磁芯小,在检测大电流时磁芯磁饱和而造成检测电流不准,不能及时保护电机的弊端,增强了保护器检测数据的准确性和运行可靠性;利用数字拨码器设置参数,动作电流整定实现了数字化,由于动作电流时间特性内部设定,能自动判断电机起动与运行中的过负荷,减少整定时间的计算困难;利用无线数据通讯模块实现数据的远距离传输;利用中央控制室的计算机实现油井电机工件状态的远距离监测和控制,实现电机故障状态和空载状态的远距离报警和显示;利用控制输出信号实现了电机星形与三角形运行方式的自动转换,达到节能降耗的目的。实践证明,新研制的节电保护器性能优越,节能效果好,具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。
Motor protector is the main core device of oil well control box. Currently used in a variety of motor protectors mainly in the following issues: First, the detection of current error, can not protect the motor in time, and sometimes even malfunction; Second, some components of poor quality, short life, frequent failures ; Third, some oil wells waste of energy wasted, the lack of necessary energy saving technical measures; Fourth, decentralized oil wells can not do centralized monitoring, motor failure due to protection can not be promptly processed; Fifth, when the motor due to the belt off or Failure occurred in the no-load operation, failed to timely warning, especially in the night caused by a long time no-load operation of the motor, not only affects the crude oil production, but also a waste of energy, and increased motor wear and tear. In view of the above problems, this paper presents a current detection method of judging the current value of the third phase by using the two-phase large core-hole mode and using the sum of the current vectors as 0. This overcomes the disadvantages of the current detector core, , The detection of current is not allowed when the magnetic core is saturated during the detection of large current, the disadvantages of the motor can not be protected in time and the accuracy and reliability of the test data of the protector are enhanced; and the parameters are set by using the digital dial-up device to set the operating current Digitized. Because of the internal setting of the action current time characteristics, it can automatically determine overloading during motor start-up and operation and reduce the calculation time of setting time. The wireless data communication module is used to realize long-distance data transmission. The use of the computer in the central control room Long-distance monitoring and control of oil well workpieces status, long-distance alarm and display of motor fault status and no-load status are realized; automatic conversion of motor star and delta running mode is realized by using control output signal so as to save energy and reduce consumption. Practice has proved that the newly developed power saver superior performance, energy saving effect, with significant economic and social benefits.