细胞凋亡(Apoptosis)是细胞在基因调控下自主按照一定程序发生的死亡。希腊语为花叶凋谢(fall off)之意,因细胞凋亡是按细胞特殊基因程序发生,故又称程序性细胞死亡(programmed cell death),一旦发生并不可逆转。在形态学上首先是细胞收缩与周围细胞分离,线粒体固缩,粗面内质网扩张,核染色质凝聚成粗大团块沿核膜分布,呈半月形,核仁裂解,进而细胞膜内陷,将细胞分割成有完整包膜包绕 Apoptosis (Apoptosis) is the cell under the gene regulation autonomously according to a certain program of death. The Greek word “fall off” means that programmed cell death (programmed cell death) is also called irreversible event because apoptosis occurs according to the special genetic program of cells. Morphology is the first cell contraction and separation of surrounding cells, mitochondria shrinkage, rough endoplasmic reticulum expansion, condensation of nuclear chromatin into a large mass along the nuclear membrane distribution was semilunar, nucleolus cracking, and then the cell membrane invagination, The cells are divided into complete envelopes