目的对北京市平谷区2007—2012水痘疫情统计分析,掌握近几年水痘流行特征,为今后制定调整水痘防治措施提供依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法对该区进行2007—2012年水痘疫情报告信息资料进行统计分析。结果全区共报告水痘2 688例,临床诊断病例2 687例,占99.96%;其中暴发疫情病例92例,占3.42%。发病人群以学龄儿童为主,占80.25%。男女性别比为1.15∶1。农村发病高于城区,为1.24∶1。全年均可发病,发病高峰月主要是上年12月到次年1月和当年5月到7月两个高峰。发病人群中接种疫苗和不接种疫苗人群差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论平谷区水痘发病主要在冬季和夏季,儿童为水痘的高发人群,在这两个季节应加强学龄儿童和散居儿童特别是农村学校、托幼园所水痘疫情的监测,加强重点人群宣传教育,加强水痘疫苗应急接种的及时性,及时采取隔离病例等控制措施,以减少暴发疫情的发生,进一步降低水痘发病率。 Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of chickenpox in Pinggu District, Beijing from 2007 to 2012, and grasp the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in recent years, so as to provide basis for the future prevention and treatment of chickenpox. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to carry out statistical analysis on the epidemic situation information of chicken pox from 2007 to 2012 in this area. Results A total of 2 688 chickenpox cases were reported in the district, with 2 687 clinically diagnosed cases (99.96%), of which 92 cases were outbreaks (3.42%). The incidence of children to school-based, accounting for 80.25%. The ratio of male to female is 1.15: 1. Rural incidence higher than urban areas, 1.24: 1. The disease can occur throughout the year, the peak incidence month is mainly from December to January the following year and May to July two peaks. The incidence of vaccinated and non-vaccinated populations were significantly different (P <0.01). Conclusion The incidence of chickenpox in Pinggu is mainly in the winter and summer, and children are the high incidence of chickenpox. During these two seasons, the monitoring of chickenpox outbreak in school-age children and diaspora children, especially in rural schools and nurseries should be strengthened. Publicity and education should be strengthened for key people, The timely vaccination of chickenpox vaccine should be strengthened and control measures such as isolation of cases should be adopted in time to reduce the outbreak of outbreak and further reduce the incidence of chickenpox.