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为了解新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫后抗－ＨＢｓ持久性及远期保护效果，从１９８６年开始，结合农村计划免疫给新生儿接种３针１０μｇ／ｍｌ血源乙肝疫苗，对免疫后首次检测ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性的７６２名免疫儿童进行了最长１０年的追踪观察。结果（１）母亲ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性儿和阳性儿的抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率以Ｓ／Ｎ值≥２．１标准计算，分别从免疫后第１年９４．４４％和８４．２１％降至第１０年５０．２４％和３４．７８％，均呈逐年下降趋势；抗－ＨＢｓＳ／Ｎ值的ＧＭＴ由第２年的３１．６２和２３．９９降至第１０年的３．０９和２．５１，下降更为明显，且ＧＭＴ以免疫后３～５年下降最快，而抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率则以９～１０年下降最快。（２）母亲ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性儿６８８名，共观察了３５５９．０人年，出现５例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳转者，ＨＢｓＡｇ年阳转率０．１４％；母亲ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性儿７４名，共观察了４５６．５人年，出现１例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳转者，ＨＢｓＡｇ年阳转率０．２２％，出现的６例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳转者均未形成慢性携带状态。与乙肝疫苗免疫前同龄ＨＢＶ易感儿童ＨＢｓＡｇ年阳转率４．２７％相比，乙肝疫苗对母亲ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性儿和阳性儿的ＨＢｓＡｇ阳转保护率分别为９６．７２％和９４．８５％。
To understand the long-term and long-term protection of anti-HBs after neonatal hepatitis B vaccination, newborn infants were immunized with 3-dose 10μg / ml blood-borne hepatitis B vaccine starting from 1986 and combined with the rural plan immunization to detect HBsAg negative for the first time after immunization 762 immunized children were followed up to 10 years. Results (1) The positive rate of anti-HBs in maternal HBsAg-negative and positive males was calculated as S / N≥2.1, from 94.44% and 84.21% in the first year after immunization to the tenth year 50.24% and 34.78% respectively. The GMT of anti-HBs / N value decreased from 31.62 and 23.99 in the second year to 3.09 and 2.51 in the tenth year, Decline more obvious, and the GMT to 3 to 5 years after the decline in the fastest decline, while the anti-HBs positive rate in 9 to 10 years the fastest decline. (2) A total of 688 HBsAg-negative mothers were observed, 3559.0 human years were observed, 5 HBsAg positive mothers were observed, and the positive rate of HBsAg positive rate was 0.14%. The mothers had 74 HBsAg positive mothers and 456.5 In the year of human being, one HBsAg positive person appears, the positive rate of HBsAg positive rate is 0.22%, and 6 cases of positive HBsAg positive person have not formed chronic carrying status. Compared with 4.27% of HBsAg positive rate of HBV susceptible children of the same age before HBV vaccine immunization, HBsAg positive rate of hepatitis B vaccine was 96.72% and 94.85% respectively for HBsAg-positive and HBsAg-positive children.