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目的了解天津市餐饮业德国小蠊侵害程度和特点,以便根据调查数据制定有效的预防控制措施。方法采用粘捕法监测德国小蠊侵害率、密度和密度指数,在全市18个县(区)共调查540家餐馆。结果全市餐饮业德国小蠊平均侵害率为43.9%,密度为3.7只/张,密度指数为20.6只/间。操作间、冷荤间、面点间和食品仓库德国小蠊密度较高,主要侵害部位为冰柜散热器、敷料存放柜和面点原料及甜食存放处。城区和乡镇侵害率分别为43.0%和44.8%,二者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。中小型和大型餐馆侵害率分别为43.4%和45.1%,差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经营年限<5、5～10、>10年的餐馆侵害率分别为33.9%、57.6%和56.9%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。单因素logistic回归分析结果表明,经营年限是餐饮业德国小蠊侵害率的影响因素(OR=1.833,P<0.05)。结论天津市餐饮业德国小蠊侵害较严重,要加强监测,重视早期防制,重点部位是操作间、冷荤间、面点间和食品仓库的冰柜散热器、敷料存放柜和面点原料及甜食存放处。
Objective To understand the extent and characteristics of invasion of German cockroach in catering industry in Tianjin in order to make effective prevention and control measures according to the survey data. Methods The invasion rate, density and density index of Blattella germanica were monitored by stick-catching method. A total of 540 restaurants were surveyed in 18 counties (districts) of the city. Results The average invasion rate of German cockroach in catering industry was 43.9%, the density was 3.7 / piece and the density index was 20.6 pieces / room. Operating room, between cold meat, noodles and food warehouse German cockroach density is higher, the main areas of infringement for freezer radiators, dressings cabinets and pasta materials and dessert storage. Urban and township infringement rates were 43.0% and 44.8%, respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). Small and medium-sized restaurants and infringement rates were 43.4% and 45.1%, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The restaurant infringement rates of operating period <5, 5-10,> 10 years were 33.9%, 57.6% and 56.9%, respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.01). The results of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the operating period was the influencing factor of the invasion rate of German cockroach in catering industry (OR = 1.833, P <0.05). Conclusions The cockroach cockroach in catering industry in Tianjin is more serious. Monitoring and early prevention should be strengthened. The key parts are the freezer radiators, storage cabinets, pasta raw materials and desserts in the operation rooms, cold rooms, noodle shops and food warehouses Storage.