采用禾谷类作物种子数量性状遗传模型和统计分析方法 ,分析了籼稻稻米直链淀粉含量的胚、胚乳、细胞质和母体植株遗传效应以及环境互作效应。结果发现稻米直链淀粉含量的表现主要受制于基因的遗传主效应 ,环境互作效应对其影响较小。控制直链淀粉含量的遗传主效应以胚乳效应为主 ,细胞质效应和母体效应对直链淀粉含量的表现也有明显影响。但在环境互作效应中 ,胚环境互作效应起着主要作用 ,说明二倍体胚基因可以控制稻米直链淀粉含量的表现 ,但其基因的表达容易受到环境条件的影响。稻米直链淀粉含量的普通遗传率和互作遗传率分别为 33.50 %和 16.16% ,表现为以普通遗传率为主。亲本遗传效应分析的结果表明选用 2 6715或 1391亲本有利于降低杂种后代的直链淀粉含量 ,提高品质改良的效果 The heredity effect and environment interaction effect of amylose content endosperm, endosperm, cytoplasm and maize plant in indica rice were analyzed using the genetic model of quantitative traits in cereals and statistical analysis. The results showed that the amylose content in rice was mainly affected by the genetic main effect of the gene, and the environmental interaction had little effect on it. The main genetic effect of controlling amylose content was endosperm effect, and cytoplasmic effect and maternal effect also had a significant effect on the amylose content. However, in the environment interaction effect, the interaction effect of embryo environment plays a major role, indicating that diploid embryo gene can control the amylose content in rice, but its gene expression is easily affected by environmental conditions. The common heritability and inter-heritability of amylose content in rice were 33.50% and 16.16%, respectively. The results of the analysis of the parents’ genetic effects showed that the selection of the 2 6715 or 1391 parents is beneficial for reducing the amylose content of the hybrid progeny and improving the quality improvement