随着经济、社会的发展，居民生活水平的不断提高，医药费用开支迅速膨胀。据多国统计资料显示，近十几年来世界各国普遍出现了医药费用开支增长超过国民经济生产总值的增长，医药价格上涨超过一般商品价格上涨的现象。1960年至1997年，29个经济合作与发展组织国家（OECD）的医 With the economic and social development, living standards of residents continue to increase, the rapid expansion of medical expenses. Statistics from various countries show that in the past decade or so, the expenses for medical expenses in the world have generally risen more than the growth in the gross national product of the country. The price of medicine has risen more than the price of general commodities. From 1960 to 1997, 29 OECD doctors