“新地吏”是指秦统一战争中新占领地区的官吏。从秦原有统辖地区选派新地吏是秦利用固有官吏进行地方政权建设的一项制度,既有稳定地方的积极一面,也有造成官民矛盾的消极一面。随着新地政权的巩固,推测此类新地吏将逐渐减少,选用本地人为吏则相应增多。秦虽高度重视对新地的统治,但过多的编制和严格的任命规定,往往使新地出现“缺吏”现象。为统一官吏的思想观念,也为了弥补吏员数量的不足,“为吏之道”等训吏教材从道德修养方面对官吏提出要求。但实际上,律令的执行情况才是衡量官吏品德的根本标准。一旦律令贯彻不利,就有可能导致法治的反复强化,进而衍生出暴政。这在秦推行文化整合的过程中有其突出的表现。 “New Landlord ” refers to the officials of the newly occupied areas in the Qin uniform war. The selection of new officials from areas under the original jurisdiction of Qin is a system by which Qin uses local officials to establish local regimes. It not only has the positive side of stabilizing the localities but also has the negative side of conflicts between officials and citizens. With the consolidation of the new land regime, it is speculated that such new ground officials will gradually decrease and local people will be employed accordingly. Although Qin attaches great importance to the rule of the new land, too many compilation and strict appointment rules often lead to the phenomenon of “lack of officials” in Xintiandi. In order to unify the ideological concepts of the officials and also to make up for the shortage of the number of officials, officials should be put forward in terms of moral cultivation from the teaching materials of officials for the officials. In fact, however, the implementation of the decrees is the fundamental criterion for measuring the character of officialdom. Once the law is implemented unfavorably, it is likely to lead to the repeated strengthening of the rule of law, which in turn will lead to tyranny. This has its outstanding performance in the process of promoting cultural integration in Qin.