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模锻过程一个最重要的方面,就是妥当地设计预压件(或预锻模膛),以达到金属的适当分配。这样,在最后锻造工序时,才能达到无缺陷的金属流动和终锻模膛的充满,并使损耗于毛边的金属又最少。然而,只有相当少量的资料对预压件的设计是有用的。在大多数锻压车间里,只有经验十分丰富的模具设计师方能完成预压件(或预锻模膛)的设计任务。本文将讨论如下几个问题:预压件设计的一些经验方法:一个得到了良好验证的试验法,该法利用铅和塑性体之类软质模拟材料,以使预压件的形状最佳化;最新的电子计算机辅助设计法,该法利用了金属流动和塑性变形的工程原理。
One of the most important aspects of the forging process is to properly design the preform (or preform die bore) to achieve proper metal distribution. In this way, a defect-free flow of metal and a final forging of the mold cavity can be achieved during the final forging process, with a minimum of metal loss on the burrs. However, only a small amount of information is useful for the design of preloads. In most forging shops, only the most experienced mold designers can complete the design of the preform (or preform die). This article will discuss the following issues: Pre-press design of some of the empirical methods: A well-proven test method, the law of soft plastics such as lead and plastic materials to optimize the shape of the pre-press The latest computer-aided design methodology, which takes advantage of engineering principles of metal flow and plastic deformation.