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通过调查研究,掌握广西玉米青枯病在生产上的发生情况及不同发病时期对玉米产量构成因子的影响,为防控该病害提供理论指导依据。研究方法:在广西玉米主产区定点进行病害发生情况调查,计算各地的平均发病率;对不同发病时期的玉米在成熟后收获考种测产,进行统计分析。结果表明:玉米青枯病在广西玉米主产区均有不同程度的发生,秋玉米发病较重,发病率3.5%~10.3%,春玉米发病较轻,发病率0.4%~9.8%;品种间抗病性存在差异性,抗病性最好品种是兆丰688,抗病性最差的品种是蠡玉16号,但同一品种在不同地方发病情况也不一样;发病时期对玉米产量构成因子影响达到显著或极显著水平。研究结论:广西玉米青枯病普遍存在,该病害发生流行规律是秋玉米病重于春玉米、南方玉米品种比北方玉米品种抗病;发病时期越早,对玉米产量构成因子影响越大。
Through investigation and study, we can grasp the occurrence of corn bacterial wilt in Guangxi and the influence on the yield components of corn at different stages of disease, and provide theoretical guidance for the prevention and control of this disease. Research Methods: The main maize producing areas in Guangxi sentinel disease occurrence survey, calculate the average incidence of each area; corn at different stages of maturity after harvest test production, statistical analysis. The results showed that corn bacterial wilt occurred in different degrees in main maize producing areas of Guangxi. The incidence of autumn maize was heavier with the incidence of 3.5% -10.3%. The incidence of spring maize was relatively low with the incidence of 0.4% -9.8% Disease resistance is different, the best disease-resistant variety is Meifu 688, and the worst disease-resistant variety is Qiyu 16, but the same variety has different incidence in different places; the incidence of corn yield components Impact reached significant or very significant level. Conclusion: The prevalence of bacterial wilt in maize is widespread in Guangxi. The epidemic pattern of the disease is that autumn maize is more serious than spring maize and southern maize varieties are more resistant than northern maize cultivars. The earlier the disease onset, the greater the impact on maize yield components.