设计师应当具备的知识和用户应当具备的知识差别很大,设计师往往熟悉他们所设计的产品,然而用户才是这些产品的专家。因此,设计师并不是典型的用户,我们每个人都有一套日常心理学理论,可以理解为“通俗心理学”或是“肤浅心理学”。这种心理学可能会存在谬论。就好比人类可以感知自己的有意识思维和信念,但却无法感知到自己的下意识思维。我们在进行有意识思维时,常常会对某些行为做出合理的解释,亦或是发现造成这类现象的依据。当设计师误把自己当成典型用户的时候,就会将设计师自己的一些解释和信念投射在产品当中。但是专业人士应该意识到,人类的信念和行为有千百万种非常复杂,单靠一个人很难发现所有的相关因素。要想了解用户真正的想法和行为,需要多跟它们交流沟通,了解他们真正的需求,获得他们对设计的看法。 Designers should have the knowledge and the user should have a great difference in knowledge, designers are often familiar with the design of their products, but users are experts in these products. Therefore, the designer is not a typical user, and each of us has a set of everyday psychological theories that can be understood as “popular psychology” or “superficial psychology.” This psychology may be fallacious. It’s like humans can sense their own conscious thoughts and beliefs, but they can not perceive their subconscious mind. When we carry out conscious thinking, we often make reasonable explanations for certain acts or find out the basis for causing such phenomena. When designers mistake themselves as typical users, they project their own ideas and beliefs into the product. But professionals should be aware that millions of human beliefs and behaviors are very complex and that it is difficult for one person to find all the relevant factors. To understand what users really think and do, talk to them more, understand their real needs, and get what they think about design.