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说明文是以说明为主要表达方式,旨在介绍、解说客观事物、事理而能给读者以相应知识的文体。这种文体实用范围广,使用率高,可以说随处可见,无处不用。高中语文“教学大纲”和“高考语文考试说明”都明确要求学生“会写说明文”,“说明能把握特征,语言简明”。1983年、1993年、1996年的高考小作文都是说明文,1988年高考命题作文《习惯》(除诗歌外文体不限),也可写成说明文。可见无论从工作、生活、学习的需要来说,还是从升学的角度来说,高中生学会写说明文是极为必要的。
The explanation text is mainly used for explanation, aiming to introduce and explain objective things and affair, which can give readers the style of corresponding knowledge. This style has a wide range of practical uses and high usage rates. It can be said that it can be used everywhere. The “Syllabus for Senior High School” and the “Exam for College Entrance Examination” clearly require students to “write explanations” and “explain that they can grasp the features and language is concise.” In 1983, 1993, and 1996, the college entrance examination small compositions were explanatory texts. In 1988, the college entrance examination composition essay “habit” (in addition to poetry, the style is not limited) can also be written as an explanatory text. It can be seen that from the perspectives of work, life, and study, or from the point of view of further studies, it is extremely necessary for high school students to learn to write captions.