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目的了解天津市西青区居民2011-2015年的死亡原因及其变化趋势,为制定防治策略和措施提供依据。方法收集2011-2015年天津市西青区居民死亡监测数据,依据国际疾病分类(ICD-10)进行死因的分类和编码。采用死因统计分析软件Death Reg 2005进行数据管理,用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行统计分析,死亡率、标化死亡率的比较采用χ~2检验,率的趋势检验采用趋势χ~2检验。结果 2011-2015年西青区居民平均粗死亡率为636.62/10万,平均标化死亡率为429.49/10万;粗死亡率和标化死亡率均呈下降趋势,均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。5年来,全死因男性粗死亡率和标化死亡率均显著高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。除0~岁组外,65岁以前死亡率较低,死亡率上升速度较缓,65岁以后死亡率迅速增加,且增长速度加快,85岁以后死亡率达到最高,死亡率随着年龄增长呈上升趋势。2011-2015年西青区居民死因顺位前10位死因死亡人数占全部死亡例数的99.54%,死因顺位前5位依次为循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、损伤和中毒、内分泌营养代谢疾病。结论慢性非传染性疾病与损伤中毒是西青区居民的主要死亡原因,应采取有针对性的健康教育和综合防控措施。
Objective To understand the cause of death and its changing trend of residents in Xiqing District of Tianjin from 2011 to 2015 and provide the basis for formulating prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods The data of deaths of residents in Xiqing District of Tianjin from 2011 to 2015 were collected and the cause of death was classified and coded according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Death Regimen Statistical Analysis software Death Reg 2005 was used for data management. SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Mortality and standardization mortality were compared using Chi-2 test, and trend trend test was performed using Chi-square test. Results From 2011 to 2015, the average crude death rate of residents in Xiqing District was 636.62 / lakh and the average standardized death rate was 429.49 / lakh. The crude mortality rate and standard mortality rate both showed a decreasing trend (P <0.05). In the past five years, the death rate and standard mortality rate of all-cause male were significantly higher than those of female, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). In addition to the 0 to age group, the mortality rate before the age of 65 lower, the mortality rate increased slowly, the mortality rate increased rapidly after the age of 65, and the growth rate accelerated, the highest mortality after 85 years of age, the mortality rate increased with age was Upward trend. The top 10 causes of death attributable to residents of Xiqing were 99.54% of all deaths in 2011-2015. The top 5 causes of deaths were circulatory diseases, malignant tumors, respiratory diseases, injuries and poisoning, endocrine Nutritional and metabolic diseases. Conclusion Chronic non-communicable diseases and poisoning are the main causes of death among residents in Xiqing District. Health education and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken.