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一、引言《煤炭工业设计规范》规定,设计能力9～30万t/a为小型矿井,45～90万t/a为中型矿井,120万t/a及其以上为大型矿井。不同的井型,其建设周期不同,服务年限也不同。大型矿井建设周期长,初期投资大,可是服务年限长,便于机械化、自动化生产,产量稳定,劳动生产率高;小型矿井建设周期短,初期投资少,上马快、比较灵活,但服务年限短,相对来说不利于机械化、自动化。随着科学技术进步和社会对能源需求的日益增大,人们越来越重视大型矿井。目前,大型矿井的建设主要是国家投资,而地方、集体及个人由于财力有限,倾向于建设中、小型矿
I. INTRODUCTION According to the “Code for Design of Coal Industry”, the design capacity is from 90,000 to 300,000 t / a for small mines, from 45 to 900,000 t / a for medium mines and 1.2 million t / a for large mines. Different well types, the construction period is different, service life is also different. Large-scale construction of long-term mine, the initial investment, but the service life is long, easy mechanization, automated production, stable output, high labor productivity; small-scale construction of short shafts, initial investment, quick start, more flexible, but short service life, relative Is not conducive to mechanization, automation. With the progress of science and technology and the increasing demand for energy from society, people pay more and more attention to large-scale mines. At present, the construction of large-scale mines is mainly the state investment, and local, collective and individual due to limited financial resources, tend to build medium and small mines