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解答这类问题,首先要知道所使用的仪器的构造、用途、量度范围,以及掌握它的操作规程、调零和必要的调试方法,然后从实验的需求,以及仪器的量程和所能达到的准确度,决定读数的范围和位数,最后根据仪器的读数原理和方法,读出所测量物理量的数值和单位。对于间接测量的物理量,其读数应根据物理量之间的关系,运用物理、数学知识求出。 例1.如图1中所示是温度计的一部分,它表示的温度是____℃,合热力学温度是____k。 解析:温度计是测量温度的仪器,图1中温度计每一刻度表示1℃,它的水银柱正处在其长度越短示数的绝对值越大的位置,这意味着水银柱是在0℃以下的某一位
To answer such questions, we must first know the structure, use, and measurement scope of the instrument used, as well as master its operating procedures, zero adjustment and necessary debugging methods, and then from the experimental requirements, as well as the instrument’s range and reach. Accuracy determines the range and number of digits of the reading. Finally, according to the reading principle and method of the instrument, the value and unit of the measured physical quantity are read out. For indirectly measured physical quantities, their readings should be obtained using physical and mathematical knowledge based on the relationship between physical quantities. Example 1. A part of a thermometer, shown in Figure 1, shows a temperature of _____ °C and a thermodynamic temperature of ____k. Analysis: The thermometer is an instrument for measuring temperature. In Figure 1, each scale of the thermometer represents 1°C. Its mercury column is at a position where the absolute value of the absolute value of the indicator is larger. This means that the mercury column is at 0°C. One of the following