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目的分析新发459例恶性肿瘤住院患者的疾病构成及其变化,为进一步进行大规模的流行病学调查提供部分理论依据,并为掌握天山区恶性肿瘤流行病学及预防提供参考。方法回顾统计分析2010年1月至2012年12月住院就诊的乌鲁木齐天山区新发恶性肿瘤住院患者的总就诊人数、肿瘤发生部位、性别、年龄、民族及病种分布情况进行比较分析。结果天山区新发恶性肿瘤住院患者比例呈现逐年增加的趋势,构成居前三位的依次为支气管肺恶性肿瘤、血液恶性肿瘤和肝恶性肿瘤;男女之比为1.5:1,恶性肿瘤的高峰年龄集中在45岁-75岁,民族前三位的是汉族、维吾尔族和哈萨克族。结论天山区恶性肿瘤患者的人数逐年上升,且发病年龄呈中老年化。考虑与空气污染,环境恶化,吸烟等有一定关系,须采取有力措施治理环境,净化空气并加强民众防癌意识。
Objective To analyze the constitution and changes of the newly diagnosed 459 hospitalized patients with malignant tumors, to provide some theoretical basis for further large-scale epidemiological investigation, and to provide reference for mastering the epidemiology and prevention of malignant tumors in Tianshan District. Methods A retrospective analysis was made of the statistical analysis of the total number of visits, tumor location, gender, age, ethnicity, and disease status of newly diagnosed malignancy hospitalized patients in the Tianshan District of Urumqi between January 2010 and December 2012. The results showed that the proportion of newly diagnosed malignant tumor patients in Tianshan District increased year by year. The top three of them were bronchial lung malignant tumors, hematologic malignancies and hepatic malignancies. The ratio of male to female was 1.5:1, the peak age of malignant tumors. Concentrated on the age of 45-75, the top three nationalities are the Han, Uygur and Kazak. Conclusion The number of patients with malignant tumors in Tianshan District increased year by year, and the age of onset was middle-aged. Considering that there is a certain relationship with air pollution, environmental degradation, and smoking, we must take effective measures to control the environment, clean up the air, and strengthen people’s awareness of preventing cancer.