月经伴发性气胸自1958年Maurer报告以来至今已有72例,但因其发病机理还不十分清楚,所以治疗方法亦无定论。作者治疗两例的情况如下: 例1,50岁,家庭妇女,40岁时初次发生与月经一致的气胸,此后复发13次,其间曾胸内注入滑石粉,并口服排卵抑制剂预防,剖胸探查见膈肌有一缺损性小孔和子宫内膜异位症,予以切除,术后七年未复发。例2,46岁,教师,从41岁开始月经时感右侧胸痛,44岁时定期体检,诊断为右侧气胸,以后有与月经一致的三次右侧气胸。入院后行诊断性人工气腹而产生气胸。剖胸所见与例1相似,予以切除,9个月后因子宫内膜异位症致月经更为困难而行右例附件,左输卵管和子宫切除,术后三年未复发。此两侧的本质是子宫内膜异位症, MCH with pneumothorax since the Maurer report in 1958 has been 72 cases, but its pathogenesis is not yet clear, so the treatment is inconclusive. The authors treat two cases as follows: Example 1, 50-year-old, domestic women, 40-year-old the first time with the same period of pneumothorax, and then relapse 13 times during which intrathoracic injection of talc and ovulation inhibitor prevention, Exploring to see the diaphragm has a defect of small holes and endometriosis, to be removed after seven years without recurrence. Example 2,46 years old, teacher, from the age of 41 began to feel right menstrual chest pain, regular examination at 44 years old, diagnosed as the right pneumothorax, and later with the right three menstrual pneumothorax. After admission, the diagnosis of pneumoperitoneum pneumoperitoneum pneumoperitoneum. Thoracotomy seen similar to Example 1, to be removed, 9 months after the endometriosis caused by menstruation more difficult right accessory, left overtubes and hysterectomy, three years after the recurrence. The essence of these two sides is endometriosis,