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《颜氏家训》是作于隋代、教育规范后人的一部书,其涉及内容广泛、文风平实,具有较高的语言研究价值,是开展词汇分析的好材料。目前还未见对《颜氏家训》的复音词进行全面、深入地研究。《颜氏家训》中的复音词共有940个,在词汇系统中所占比重较高。其复音词的构成方式,即构词法,分为单纯词、合成词和复音虚词三大类。其中合成词数量最多,又分为重叠式、复合式、附加式和综合式四小类。复合式是汉语复音词的主要构成方式,在《颜氏家训》中有四种复合式构词法:联合式和偏正式数量居多,动宾式和主谓式数量较少。胡运飚认为,东汉前期到现代,复音词构词法中动补式的能产性大大超过主谓式。这一论断难以成立,在《颜氏家训》中,就找不到一例动补式复音词。
“Family Instructions of Yan Clan” is a book written by the descendants of education and norms in the Sui Dynasty. It involves a wide range of content, a good style of writing and a high linguistic research value. It is a good material for lexical analysis. At present, there is no comprehensive and in-depth study on polysyllabic words of “Family Instructions of Yan Clan”. A total of 940 polysyllabic words in “Family Instructions of Yan Clan” occupy a higher proportion in the vocabulary system. The composition of polysyllabic words, that is, word formation, divided into simple words, compound words and complex words three categories. The largest number of synthetic words, is divided into overlapping, complex, additional and integrated four subcategories. Compound is the main composition of Chinese polysyllabic words, there are four compound word formation in the “Family Instructions of Yan Clan”: the majority of conjunctive and partial formal, the less the number of moving objects and the main predicate. Hu Yun Biao believes that from the early Eastern Han Dynasty to the modern period, the productivities of the movable complement in the polysyllabic word formation greatly exceeded the main predicate. This assertion is difficult to set up, in the “Family Instructions of Yan” can not find an example of dynamic multi-tone words.