一 、概况 如所周知,开采解放层是防止瓦斯突出最有效、最经济的措施。开采解放层在我国各突出矿井的广泛应用,大大减少了突出的发生,促进了安全生产。例如,重庆地区自1958年开始试验,1962年已基本在全地区推广应用,突出次数从1961年的 155次大幅度下降到1966年以后的每年10—20次左右,除石门揭开煤层外,由于坚持预先开采解放层这一措施,已基本上控制了突出的发生。 在国外,从1933年起法国便已采用这一措施,现在,几乎所有发生突出的国家(苏联、英国、比利时、捷克、保加利亚、波兰、荷兰、日本)都已普遍使用。尽管国外有许多科研工作者对解放层进行了长期的考察研究,掌握了大量资料,认识了许多问题。但是,迄今为止,对解放层的某些理论问题尚 I. Overview As we all know, mining the liberation layer is to prevent gas outburst the most effective and most economical measures. The exploitation of the liberating strata has been widely used in various prominent mines in our country, greatly reducing the occurrence of prominence and promoting the safety in production. For example, the experiment in Chongqing started in 1958 and has been basically popularized and applied in all regions in 1962. The number of prominence dropped dramatically from 155 in 1961 to about 10-20 times per year after 1966. In addition to the opening of the seams, By insisting on the pre-exploitation of the liberation floor this measure has basically controlled the outstanding occurrence. Abroad, France has adopted this measure since 1933, and now almost all the prominent countries (the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Poland, the Netherlands and Japan) are commonly used. Although many foreign researchers conducted a long-term study of the liberation layer, mastered a large amount of information and met many problems. However, to date, some theoretical issues concerning the liberation layer are still high