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Objective To investigate the biological function of NS5ABP37 and to look for proteins interacting with NS5ABP37 protein in hepatocytes. Methods We constructed bait plasmid expressing NS5ABP37 protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by cloning the gene of NS5ABP37 protein into pGBKT7, then the recombinant plasmid DNA was transformed into yeast AH109 (α type). The transformed yeast AH109 was mated with yeast Y187 (α type) containing liver cDNA library plasmid in 2×YPDA medium. Diploid yeast was plated on synthetic dropout nutrient medium (SD/-Trp-Leu-His-Ade) containing X-α-gal for selection and screening. After extracting and sequencing of plasmids from positive (blue) colonies, we made a sequence analysis by bioinformatics. Results We screened twenty-five proteins binding to NS5ABP37, including Homo sapiens cyclin Ⅰ (CCNI) gene, Homo sapiens matrix metallopeptidase 25 (MMP25) and Homo sapiens talin 1. Conclusion The yeast-two hybrid system is an effective method for identifying hepatocyte proteins interacting with NS5ABP37 of HCV. And the biological function of NS5ABP37 may be associated with glycometabolism, lipid metabolism and apoptosis.